KOMPYUTER TARMOQLARI XAVFSIZLIGI: ASOSIY TAHDIDLAR VA ULARDAN HIMOYA USULLARI

Abstrak

This article analyzes the main risks encountered in modern computer networks, widespread types of cyberattacks, and effective methods of protection against them. The rapid development of digital technologies has been accompanied by a growing number of threats to network security, putting not only large organizations but also ordinary users at risk. The article describes the nature and mechanisms of common attacks such as DDoS, MITM, phishing, Trojan programs, and ransomware. It also examines in detail the main protective tools, including encryption technologies (AES, RSA, ECC), two-factor authentication, firewall and IDS/IPS systems, backup mechanisms, and security policy. Since network security is of great importance for every organization and user in today's digital era, these issues are presented in simple and understandable language. This work is intended for students majoring in computer engineering and aims to be useful both theoretically and practically, contributing to a deeper understanding of information security.